What is ADHD and how does it present in adults?

Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental condition that, while often diagnosed in childhood, can persist into adulthood or even go unrecognized until later in life. In adults over 18, ADHD may present differently than in children. While children might display overt hyperactivity, such as running around or climbing excessively, adults are more likely to experience internal restlessness, difficulty organizing tasks, or trouble maintaining focus during conversations or work. According to recent estimates, approximately 4-5% of adults in the United States report a cluster of ADHD symptoms significant enough to impact their daily lives. Unlike the stereotype of the "hyperactive child," adults might struggle with chronic procrastination, impulsivity in decision-making, or emotional dysregulation, which can be mistaken for personality traits rather than signs of ADHD. This shift in presentation often leads to underdiagnosis or misunderstanding in adulthood. 

What are some common symptoms of ADHD in adults?

ADHD in adults is typically categorized into two main presentations: inattentive and hyperactive-impulsive, though some individuals exhibit a combined type. For the inattentive type, adults often struggle with sustaining attention on tasks, frequently losing focus during meetings, lectures, or detailed projects. They may forget appointments, misplace items like keys or phones, and have difficulty following through on commitments. In contrast, the hyperactive-impulsive type in adults manifests as restlessness—an urge to fidget, interrupt others, or act without thinking through consequences. These individuals might take unnecessary risks, struggle to wait their turn in conversations, or feel an overwhelming need to stay busy. While hyperactivity may lessen with age, the impulsivity and restlessness can persist, creating unique challenges in adult life.

The impact of ADHD on academics, work, and relationships

For young adults in college or graduate school, ADHD can significantly hinder academic performance. Difficulty sustaining attention during lectures, poor time management, and challenges with long-term projects often lead to missed deadlines or lower grades, despite intellectual capability. In work settings, these struggles translate into missed deadlines, disorganized workspaces, or difficulty collaborating with co-workers, subordinates, or superiors. Relationships with colleagues and managers may suffer due to perceived unreliability or impulsivity, such as speaking out of turn. Beyond work and school, ADHD symptoms strain close relationships—romantic partners and friends may misinterpret inattention or impulsive reactions as disinterest or rudeness. This misunderstanding frequently erodes self-esteem, fostering frustration and diminishing joy in interpersonal connections, as adults with ADHD are often blamed for behaviors they struggle to control.

How can an accurate ADHD diagnosis be helpful?

An accurate ADHD diagnosis is a critical first step toward effective intervention, offering adults a pathway to thrive in school, work, and relationships. Without proper identification, symptoms may be dismissed as laziness or lack of willpower, perpetuating a cycle of struggle and self-blame. A thorough assessment can pinpoint whether ADHD is the root cause, paving the way for tailored strategies like behavioral therapy, medication, or requesting accommodations either at the workplace or in school settings. In relationships, understanding ADHD fosters empathy and communication tools that mitigate conflict. With the right support, adults with ADHD can maximize their potential, turning challenges into manageable aspects of their lives.

What does ADHD testing for adults entail?

ADHD testing for adults is a comprehensive process designed to gather a full picture of an individual’s experiences and challenges. It begins with a detailed clinical interview, where I explore your history, current symptoms, and their impact on daily life. Whenever possible, I may consult with other adults who know you well—such as a partner, family member, or close friend—to gain additional perspectives. Rating scales completed by you and those close to you help quantify symptom severity and frequency. Depending on your needs, cognitive testing (to assess attention and memory) or achievement testing (to evaluate academic or work-related skills) may also be included. This multi-faceted approach ensures an accurate diagnosis and a personalized plan. If you’re interested in learning more about ADHD testing for yourself or a loved one in our Weston, FL office, don’t hesitate to reach out by calling us at 954.804.9915 or scheduling a free phone consultation at www.calendly.com/drperolini